Fort Wayne and you will Allen County’s tall population lose try more than likely owed in order to growing racial polarization during the late 1850s. So it amount went on so you can ericans by 1870 census. The new county’s populace increased in order to 169 from inside the 1880 and it has because the trended up, enumerating 41,618 African Us citizens on the 2010 census.
Bibliography
Kirby, J. Randolph. “Notes for the Introduction regarding a black Community in Fort Wayne, Indiana between 1820 and 1850.” Old Fort Development 54: 1-twelve.
Quinn, Angela M. The newest Underground Railroad in addition to Antislavery Path inside the Fort Wayne and you may Allen Condition, Indiana. Fort Wayne, IN: Arch, Inc., 2001.
Stith, Hana L. Illuminating an ignored Legacy, African american Record, Fort Wayne, Indiana. Fort Wayne, Ind.: African & Ebony Community Museum, 2005.
You.S. Bureau of the Census. “Aggregate Level of Each Malfunction away from Individuals within this District out-of Indiana,” 1: 352. 6th Census of one’s United states, 1840. Arizona, D.C.: You.S. Census Work environment, 1841.
You.S. Bureau of your Census. Populace off Civil Divisions Below Areas; Dining table III County away from Indiana,” 1:124 Seventh Census of your own United states, 1850 Arizona, D.C.: You.S. Census Workplace, 1852
You.S. Bureau of one’s Census. People out-of Civil Divisions Lower than Counties; Desk III State regarding Indiana,” 1:124 Eighth Census of your own You, 1860. Arizona, D.C.: You.S. Census Place of work, 1862
You.S. Agency of Census. “Society off Municipal Departments Less than Counties; Desk III-Condition away from Indiana,” 1: 124. Ninth Census of the You, 1870. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Place of work, 1872.
Bartholomew Condition try formed for the 1821. According to federal censuses, the entire number of blacks and mulattos was 6 in 1830 (for instance the Nancy Tyler and James Lesser families), 34 within the 1840, 82 inside the 1850, six during the 1860, and you may 42 when you look at the 1870.
Bartholomew County’s one to known settlement sometimes entitled “Africa,” “Smokey Hill,” or “Nigger Slope” try based in Columbus Township
The key drop off from 1850 so you can 1860 may be attributed to the fresh new bad racial ambiance and you can/or ideal financial solutions various other components (Handley and you may Robbins, 33). It wasn’t up until 1880 that the town of Columbus saw a beneficial large increase in their black inhabitants.These types of residents lived in Columbus Township and city of Columbus. Some of their surnames was in fact: Jones, Oxendine, Galbreath, Mitchell, Simmons and you may Newby. (Newby and you may Hill had been labels that were for the Beech Settlement for the close Rush Condition.) Such early settlers originated from Vermont, South carolina, Virginia and you may Indiana.
Certain family that were throughout the 1850 census is including listed in the Register from Negroes and Mulattoes getting Bartholomew State. (Robbins, Indiana Negro Records 1852-1865) Researcher Xenia Age. Wire talks about an unknown Bartholomew State settlement in her own article, “Black Outlying Settlements in Indiana just before 1860” (Gibbs, 104-105). Into the July 29, 1927, historian George Pence demonstrated a newsprint just before a mutual conference from the latest Bartholomew County Historic Area together with State-house Literary Bar (Paulette Roberts Range). On report, Pence claims: “Along in the early fifties somewhat many Negroes, particular 50 souls, most of the told, had paid throughout the southern area section of Columbus, and also the payment try locally labeled as Africa.
Inside retirement following emigration of your own coloured somebody the new area are converted to a far more progressive name that Smokey Row. It appears to be town called “Africa” and “Smokey Row” is actually known as “Nigger Mountain” regarding late 1870s. A keen African Methodist Episcopal Chapel Congregation in the Columbus are recognized as becoming part of new Salem Circuit which have cuatro professionals inside the 1841 (Minutes, Indiana Annual Meeting, AME Chapel). In the 1850 there have been three “negro” homeowners that have a property appreciated during the $520 (Heller, 303).