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Abstract
Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men ( ± 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women ( ± 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre- and post-tests (p < 0.01).> 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT.
Addition
Weight training (RT) even offers advantages to both men and women. In fact, medical great things about RT tend to be but they are not limited to: decreased intestinal transit time; reduced risk of cancer of the colon (Koffler mais aussi al., 1992); enhanced asleep k-calorie burning (Campbell et al., 1994; Paoli et al., 2012); improved glucose metabolic rate (Hurley, 1994); improved blood-lipid users (Brick et al., 1982; Hurley et al., 1988); smaller sleeping blood pressure levels (Harris & Holly, 1987; Colliander & Tesch, 1988); increased bones nutrient thickness (Menkes mais aussi al., 1993); pain and discomfort protection of these experiencing osteoarthritis (Rall et al., 1996); decreased low back pain (Deyssig et al., 1993; Weinsier mais aussi al., 1995); improved freedom (Westcott, 1995); and you may, increased maximum cardio potential (Steele mais aussi al., 2012). In particular, increased strength and you can muscle tissue, the primary results of RT, had been confirmed to attenuate the risk of every-result in death (Newman ainsi que al., 2006; Ruiz mais aussi al., 2008; Artero mais aussi al., 2011; Srikanthan & Karlamangla, 2014). But not, if or not you can find sex-specific responses to help you RT is currently unsure. Based on Dreyer ainsi que al., (2010), generally speaking dudes provides ten minutes way more circulating testosterone than women. Chest body possess even more androgen receptors than knee system (Kadi ainsi que al., 2000). Therefore, it will be possible that hormonal change might enable better innovation away from higher limb body during the dudes compared to feminine with RT.
) examined muscles structure within the 268 dudes and you will two hundred female using magnetized resonance imaging and found chest area muscle ratio was greater inside the men than feminine (42.9 compared to. 39.7%). Equivalent overall performance have been included in opposition-coached subjects because of the Alway et al. (1989), which compared female and male bodybuilders. They reported that, even with undertaking an equivalent knowledge frequency and you may did equivalent degree software, the strength mix-sectional the main biceps brachii is actually higher into the males than just in females. Furthermore, Kvorning mais aussi al. (2006) unearthed that the effects from testosterone to your power development was more pronounced than simply muscle gains. Thus, it can be hypothesized that sex you’ll dictate new electricity effect moreso as compared to boost in strength as a result so you can RT.
Early in the day training stated that anyone creating an equivalent RT program didn’t differ from inside the power growth, each other pure and you will cousin, toward hip and legs (Ivey ainsi que al., 2000; Galvao et al., 2006; Dorgo ainsi que al., 2012). Fisher et al. (2014) enjoys recently said the latest electricity gains regarding female and male students from a personal RT studio for upper and lower looks exercises. There were similar natural strength growth yet , people got slightly higher cousin power growth and you can strength progress according to looks mass. Yet not, ladies within analysis had trained for around twice this new period of males. Most other education exploring the chest area report contradictory results with many recommending deeper pure increases in the men (O’Hagan mais aussi al., 1995; Abe ainsi que al., 2000) and you may greater relative gains in females. Someone else claimed no differences (Davies mais aussi al., 1988; Abe ainsi que al., 2000). not, it’s been debated by Abe mais aussi al. (2000) that many of the earlier studies which held sex comparisons for both energy and you can muscular hypertrophic alter were impeded from the low analytical stamina due to small take to versions (all ?20 members).